Governor



l. M. CRAFTS GOVERNOR April 17, 1934.

Filed Aug. 19, l21.931

y2 sheets-sheet 1 April 1 7,- 1934.

l. M. CRAFTS GOVERNOR Filed Aug. 19. 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 LJ' nPatented Apr. 17, 1934 "MTED STATES PATENT OFFICE- GUVERNOR Conn., acorporation Application august 19, 1931, serial No.' 558,071

15 Cls'.

This invention relates to an improvement in governors, and particularlyto governors having a remote-control variable-speed lever, and one ofthe objects of this invention is to produce means for quicklychangingthe tension on the governor-spring which, by means of alever-shaft and connections, opposesthe centrifugal energy developed inthe fly-Weights.

Another object of the invention is to provide a mechanism which may bereadily extended by means of' a rod, wire or other suitable applianceattached to the spring-lever and extending to a,

point more or less remote from the governor, and

by which the speed-lever may be adjusted.

A further object of the invention is to provide means other than clangeof the spring-tension, to vary the operating speed.

A still further object is to provide means by which the movement of thespring from openthrottle to closed-throttle positions will produce lesstension in the spring.

Another object of this invention is to provide means of transforming theoscillating motion of the fly-weights, about the axis of the main pin,

into a reciprocating motion of the sleeve, such transfer taking placewith much less friction than is ordinarily experienced with the sleevesliding along the central shaft or otherwise rigidly guided, when suchmovement is subjected to external forces which tend tu cramp orotherwise cause a binding action between the sleeve and its guide.

The invention consists in the construction as hereinafter described andparticularly recited in the claims.

, In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is a side view of a governor constructed in accordance with myinvention;

Fig. 2 is a View at right angles-thereto;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken on the line 3 3 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a. sectional View taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 6 is a plan view of the sleeve; and

Fig. 7 is a sectional view on the line '1-'7 of Fig. 3.

In carrying out myinvention, I employ a governor-casing 10 and a cap 11.Mounted in the casing and supported by the cap is a governorstem 12, andpreferably ball-bearings 13 will be arranged in the bottom of thecasing. through which the. shaft extends.

Extending through the shaft is a transverse `governor-stem-pin 14 and onthis pin, the flyweights 15 and 16 are mounted. The weight 15 hasknuckles 41 and 42 and the weight 16 has knuckles 43 and 44 throughwhich the pin 14 extends. The fly-weights are each formed with ears 17through which pins 18 extend. Movable longitudinally on the stem isaoating sleeve 19 formed on opposite sideswith downwardly-extending lugs20, which pass between the ears 1'? and rest upon the pins 18. The innerfaces of the lugs converge downwardly and are provided withbearing-points 21 contacting loosely with faces 46 on the stem 12. Inthe top of the sleeve 19 is a ball-bearing collar 39.

In the cap, a spring-shaft 22 is mounted at right angles to thegovernor-stem or shaft 12 and to this shaft is xed a yoke 23 havingrounded contacts 24 which rest on the sleeve 19 or the ball bearingtherein, and this yoke is formed with a throttle-arm 25 which isconnected by a link 26 with an eccentric 28 fixed to a throttle-shaft 38mountedin the cap parallel with the shaft 22 and provided in the endextending beyond the casing with a throttle-lever 29.

Fixed to the spring-shaft 22 which extends beyond the cap, is aspring-lever 30vwith which one end oi' a governor-spring 31 isconnected, the other end of the spring being coupled with a pin132adjustably mounted in an offset 33 of a speed-lever 34, which is pivotedupon a stud 35, this lever having a projection 36 which may be connectedby a rod, wire or other suitable coupling extending to a point more orless remote from the governor and by which the governor extremities areattached, that by swinging the remote variable-speed-lever in thedirection required to reduce the spring-tension, the line of force alongwhich the spring acts is tilted closer to the axis of said spring-shaft,and this change in the line of force reduces the eiect of the spring asa momenifnf force about the axis of the springshaft, thereby allowingthe governor to function at a speed lower than it would function with achange in the spring-tension only. Reduction in the spring-tension plusreduction in the effective moment arm on which the spring-tension isacting, either or both, reduces the speed at which the governorfunctions. Reduced governor speed vinvolves reduced centrifugal force.Therefore, to

move the spring-lever from open-throttle to closed-throttle positions, agreater per cent. increase in speed is required under the slow speedcondition than under, the high speed condition, when such movementproduces the same amount of extension in the spring.

This construction of speed-changing mechanism is such that the movementof the governor fly-weights produces less extension in the opposingspring under slow speed conditions thanunder high speed conditions andis, therefore, a desirable feature of this construction.

The spring is adjusted to the desired tension and the outward movementof the weights lifts the sleeve and turns the shaft 22, which in turn,

is opposed by the spring 31, and this tension may be varied by thevariable-speed-lever 34, which lever may be actuated by an extensionrod, and provision is made at the control station for locking the rod inposition, as shown in Fig. 1, the rod 47 being operatively connected inany suitable manner with an actuating rod 48 at said station. j

As the device is adjusted to reduce the maximum speed limit, a point iseventually reached' where the spring is no longer extended, the governorhaving passed the lower point of its ca'- pacity for controlling themechanism. At this point, the lifting-finger 40 formed on theremotecontrol speed-lever comes in contact with the spring-lever and maybe manually raised by operation of saidlever to the position whichproduces the required low speed. This form of control provides a meansof entirely removing the eifect of the spring from the floating sleeveand fly-weights after which said sleeve and weights are freey to raiseor fall depending upon the degree of centrifugal force existing in they` weights at the speed'involved and as compared with the effect ofgravity on the floating sleeve and fly-weights and thereby reduces theenergy otherwise required to close the throttle when such movement isopposed 'y the force normally used as the centripetal /rce of thegovernor proper. Thus, in chan ing from any speed at which the spring 31is ore or less extended and the throttle therefore under governorcontrol to a low speed under manual control, a single movement of thelever 34 is made to accomplish two separate and distinct functions in asequence most suitable to the purpose-rst, to reduce the tension in thespring 31 which, unless reduced, would oppose the closing of thethrottle and, therefore, require greater energy to close; and

second, to manually bring the throttle to theposition required toproduce the desired speed.

By permitting the sleeve to rock slightly, the angle of contactbetweenthe sleeve and the boss 24 is changed and a projection of theline of force from the center of the boss 24 passing through the pointof contact will fall to one side of the central point between the pins18, thus causing a temporary overloading of the fly-weight nearest tothe line of force. This overloading causes the ily-weight to move backto or beyond its original position, which in turn brings the angle ofcontact back toward its normalplane. This oscillating movement, althoughpositive, is of slight magnitude, and the points 21 of the sleeve 19,being freely fitted tothe shaft 12, will permit ample movement of thesleeve 19 without cramping of the points 21.

By permitting the sleeve to 'rock slightly with respect to thegovernor-stem, it moves With much less friction` than is ordinarilyexperienced with a sleeve closely tting, and so as to slide along theshaft. The fly-weights are commonly cast from iron or other suitablematerial, and althoughl the unbalanced fly weights is a force applied-tothe sleeve in a line transverse to the axis of the stem. The floatingsleeve can'ied by thevhead is permitted to have altilting movement which4responds to the unequal forces applied by the ily weights therebypermitting longitudinal movement of the sleeve without any crampingaction due to' the lines of force above mentioned extending transverseto the axis ofthe sleeve and which are not parallel therewith.

I claim: t I

1. In a governor, the combination'with the stem thereof, of a sleevelongitudinally mvable thereon and having an enlarged opening with apoint bearing upon said stem to permit rocking movement of the sleeveupon the stem, said stem carrying aA pin,.y,weights mounted on said pinand in contact with said sleeve, a yoke bearing on said sleeve, athrottle lever, connections between said yoke and said throttle-lever, aspeed-lever, and a connection between. said speed lever and yoke andincluding a spring tensioned to oppose the force exerted by saidfly-Weights.

2. A governor comprising a casing and a cap,

a governor-stem extending` .through the casing stem, ily-weights mountedon said pin,l a sleeve longitudinally movable onl said shaft and withwhich the weights contact, said sleeve having an enlarged opening with apoint bearing upon said stem to permit rocking movement of the sleeveupon the stem, a-yoke mounted within said ca'p and bearing on saidsleeve, a throttle lever, connections between saidv yoke and saidthrottlelever, a variable-speed-lever, and a connection between saidspeed lever and yoke and including a spring tensioned toroppose theforce exerted by said ily-weights.

3. A governor comprising a casing and a cap, avgovernor-stem extendingthrough the casing and supported by the cap, a pin mounted on the stem,fly-weights mounted on said pin, a sleeve longitudinally movable on saidshaft and with which the weights',- contact, said sleeve having anenlarged opening with a point bearing upon said stem to permit rockingmovement of the sleeve upon the stem,'a yoke bearing on said sleeve, athrottle lever, connections between said yoke and said'throttle-lever, avariable-speedlever, a connection between said lever and said yoke andincluding a spring tensioned to oppose the force exerted by saidfly-weights, and means for adjusting the tension of the spring.A

.4. In a governor, the combinationwith a casing and acap,ofagovernorshaft mounted in said casing and supported by said cap, apin supported by said shaft and extending at right angles thereto,fly-weights pivotally mounted on said pin, a sleeve through which theshaft extends and with which said weights contact, said sleeve having anenlarged .opening with a point l'.

weights, and a throttle-lever also connected with' said yoke.

5. The combination in a governor having a stem, of weights pivotallymounted thereon, pins mounted in the upper ends of said weights, and asleeve on said stem formed with lugs bearing on said pins, whereby theoutward movement of the weights will raise said sleeve, means on saidsleeve to permit rocking movement thereof and thereby prevent the forcecreated by the fly weights and v which are not parallel to the axis ofthe stem from causing the sleeve to bind and cramp on the stem, suchprevention resulting in a governor which is more sensitive and lesssluggishin its operation, a throttle lever, and an operative connectionbetween said sleeve and said throttle lever.

6. The combination in a governor having a stem, of weights pivotallymounted thereon, pins mounted in the upper ends of said weights, asleeve on said stem formed with lugs bearing on said pins, whereby theoutward movement of the weights will raise said sleeve, and the innerfaces of the lugs formed -With points having bearings on said stem,means on said sleeve to permit rocking movement thereof and therebyprevent the force created by the fly weights and which are not parallelto the axis of the stem from causing the sleeve to bind and cramp on thestem, such prevention resulting in a governor which is more sensitiveand less sluggish in its operation, a throttle lever, and an operativeconnection between said sleeve and said throttle lever.

7.'In a governor, the combination with a casing and a cap, of a stem,weights pivotally mounted thereon, pins mounted in the upper ends ofsaid weights, a sleeve onsaid stem formed with lugs bearing on saidpins, whereby the outward movement of the weights will raise saidsleeve, and the inner faces of the lugs formed with points havingbearings on said stern, means on said sleeve to permit rocking movementthereof and thereby prevent the force created by the fly weights andwhich are not parallel to the `axis of the stem from causing the sleeveto bind and cramp on the stem, such prevention resulting in a governorwhich is more sensitive and less sluggish in its operation, a throttlelever, and an operative connection between said sleeve and said throttlelever.

8. The combination in a governor having a stem, of weights pivotallymounted thereon, said weights formed at their upper ends with ears, asleeve on said stem formed with lugs bearing on said weights betweensaid ears, whereby the outward movement of the weights will raise saidsleeve, and the inner faces of the lugs formed with points havingbearings on said stem, means on said sleeve to permit rocking movementthereof and thereby prevent' the force created by the fly weights andwhich are not parallel to the axis of the stem from causing the sleeveto bind and crank on the stem, such prevention resulting in a governorwhich is more sensitive and less sluggish in its operation, a throttlelever, and an operative connection between said sleeve and said throttlelever. i

9. A governor including a support, a stem mounted thereon, ily-weightssupported by said stern, an actuated member, aconne'ction between saidfly-weights and actuated member construct'- ed to prevent the lines ofvariable degrees of force exerted by said ily-weights and which are notparallel with the axis of said stem from exerting a binding action uponsaid actuated member, and a throttle lever operatively connected withsaid actuated member.

10. A governor including a support, a stem mounted thereon, ily-weightssupported by said stem, a pivotally mounted actuated member extendingacross the ends of said fly-weights, a connection between said y-Weightsand actuated member constructed to prevent the lines of 'variabledegrees of force exerted by said ily-Weights and which are not parallelwith the axis of said stem from exerting a binding action upon saidactuated member, and a throttle lever operatively connected with saidactuated member. l

11. A governor including "a support, a stem mounted thereon, fly-weightssupported 'by said stem, an actuated member, a sleeve mounted forlongitudinal movement on said stem and having an opening with reducedpoints for contact with said stem to permit rocking movement thereof Yand thereby prevent the lines of variable degrees of force created bysaid y-weights and which are not parallel with the axis of said stemfrom exerting a binding action upon said sleeve, said sleeve beingengaged with said actuated member, and an operative connection betweensaid actuated member and a throttle lever.

12. A governor including a support, a stem mounted thereon, fly-weightssupported by said stem, an actuated member, a sleeve longitudinallymovable on said stem and operatively connected with said ily-weights formovement thereby, said sleeve having an enlarged opening with reducedcontact points for engagement with said stem, a ball bearing mounted insaid opening for contact with said actuated member, said bearing havingan enlarged opening for said stem to permit rocking movement of thesleeve to prevent the lines of variable degrees of force created by saidflyweights and which are not parallel with the axis of said stem fromexerting a'binding action upon said sleeve, and a throttle leveroperatively connected with said actuated member.

13. A governor including a support, a stem mounted thereon, ily-Weightssupported by said stem, an actuated member, a connection between saidfly-weights and actuated member to prevent the lines of variable degreesof force created by said fly-weights and which are not parallel with theaxis of said stein from exerting a binding action upon said actuatedmember, a throttle lever operatively connected with said actuatedmember, and a spring connected with said actuated member to resist`movement thereof from force applied by said fly-weights. I

14. In a governor the combination with the stem thereof of a sleevelongitudinally movable thereon, fly weights pivotally mounted on saidstem for engagement with said sleeve whereby the outward movement of thefly weights will raise the sleeve, means on said sleeve to permitrocking movement thereof and thereby prevent the forces created by the.fly weights and which are not parallel to the axis of the stem fromcausing the sleeve to bind and cramp on the stem, such preventionresulting in a govuernor which is more sensitive and less sluggish inits operation, a throttle lever, and an operative connection betweensaid sleeve and throttle lever.

15. In a governor the combination with the stem thereof of a sleevelongitudinally movable thereon, fly weights pivotally mounted on saidstem for engagement with said sleeve whereby the outward movement of they weights will raise the sleeve, said sleeve having an enlarged taperedopening creating bearing points for the sleeve upon the stein to preventthe forces created by the l 5 y weights and which are not parallel withthe axis of the stem from causing the sleeveA to bind

